Tra Vinh - Moving toward agriculture adapting to climate change

Goat consumes fewer foods and is more omnivores than the cow, so it is suitable for subsistence farmers’ livelihood across the Tra Vinh coast to advance in line with climate change

Goats are omnivores and easy to raise. Photo: Minh Dam.

Tra Vinh province is a pure agriculture region with favorable conditions for farming, where goat farming has been thriving recently. In 2020, due to the uncertain weather, drought, and salinity, land for ineffective rice cultivation due to the saltwater intrusion has been gradually transformed into grass planting for goats. Besides, the Covid-19 pandemic and African swine fever are also the reasons to boost the demands for goat meat consumption. As a result, goat farming is created advantageous conditions to grow.

The project develops and replicates the model of raising high-quality goats from Bach Thao and Boer goats to adapt to climate change is a ministerial-level scientific project under the Rural and Mountainous Program invested in Tra Vinh province. It is chaired and implemented by the Department of Science and Technology of Tra Vinh province. After nearly 2 years of taking into effect, it has brought high economic efficiency to farmers and the goat herds are all healthy, tall, growing fast.

90% out of a total of 200 female goats of the investment project in Duyen Hai district, Cau Ngang gave birth to 1.25 parity per year, an average of 1.6 heads per female goat. The total herd increased to 720 heads and gave an average income of VND 1.2 million per calf.

According to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lam Thai Hung, Deputy Director of the Department of Science and Technology of Tra Vinh province, the project has now built up a model, which promotes households to invest in goat breedings. Currently, there are also many households succeeding in breeding Bach Thao's mother goat and the Bo male goat. At first, it assessed that Bo goat was able to adapt well to Tra Vinh climate conditions. More specifically, the calves of Bo goat and Bach Thao goat make better fertile, meeting the standard breed of half-breed goat as recommended by scientists.

Farmer Lam Thanh Day, from Long Vinh commune, Duyen Hai district said that this is the first time he accesses the goat farming model which features 10 female goats and one male goat in a singular herd. Currently, the family's goat herd has 25 more baby goats.

Investment in goat farming is not as difficult as that of a cow due to the shorter time as a four-month-old baby goat can be separated from mom. Goat farmers may garner revenue quickly to settle the family economy. Meanwhile, on average, it takes 13-14 months to raise a cow for sale and the value is only equal to that of 10 baby goats.

We also visited Nguyen Van Nhu’s goat farm, which has 40-year- experience in goat farming in Giong Dai hamlet, Hiep My Tay commune, Cau Ngang district. The farmer was included in the project " Transfer of technical advances and build a farming model of Boer goat and Bach Thao goad, half-breed”. Currently, his farm is having about 70 half-breed goats whose mother and father are Boer goat and Bach Thao goat. He was transferred and trained in technical processes of care, rearing, veterinary medicine, production of food for half- breed goats and initially, gains certain results, accumulating about VND150 million in profit.

Goat feeding is fewer than that of the cow. Currently, there are 10 households in the Duyen Hai district participating in the project, mainly two communes of Long Vinh and Dong Hai.

From the efficiency brought about in recent years, the goat has been chosen by the agricultural industry as the main object of structural transformation of livestock besides cows and pigs. In particular, goat farming is very suitable for the model of livelihood adapting to climate change among coastal farmers. Up to now, there are over 13,800 goats. Of which, over 90% of the goat herd produces half-bread goat in the direction of increasing stature and leanness.

Hung said that the project is implemented in the area gathering a large number of Khmer ethnic people and regions affected seriously by climate change. The effective implementation of the project would create a stable livelihood and improve significantly the income of the locals while the situation of climate change is developing seriously.

According to the master plan on restructuring the production of agriculture, forestry, salt production, and fisheries in Tra Vinh province by 2020, with a vision to 2030, goats are one of three types of livestock orienting for development. Specifically, the vision by 2030 the number of province's goats will be 20,000 heads. Tra Vinh province is one of the localities with a large herd of goats in the Mekong Delta. In 2020, the goatherd of this province has over 18,000 heads, ranking 4th in the Mekong Delta. Over the past year, goat farming has become a model bringing high economic efficiency, helping farmers stabilize their lives, as well as contributing to improving the value of the livestock industry in Tra Vinh province.