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At least five species of leptospira, a corkscrew-like bacteria, affect cattle in the United States. The most common species affecting cattle is L. pomona.

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (commonly called IBR or red nose) is an acute, contagious virus disease of cattle. Often implicated as an infection

Coccidiosis continues to be one of the major disease problems for cattle producers. It is caused by microscopic, one-celled parasites.

Footrot occurs in cattle of all ages, but it is most common in adults. The disease is seen year-round, but there is increased incidence in the wet summer

Anaplasmosis is a vector-borne, infectious blood disease in cattle caused by the rickesttsial parasites Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale.

Brucellosis of cattle is caused by infection with the bacterium Brucella abortus, which can also cause a disease of humans known as "undulant fever"

Blackleg is a highly fatal disease of young cattle caused by the spore forming, rod shaped, gas producing bacteria Clostridium chauvoei.

Calves under one year of age are more susceptible than older cattle who frequently have been exposed to the parasites and have developed a degree of immunity.

Grass tetany is a serious, often fatal metabolic disorder characterized by low levels of magnesium in the blood serum of cattle.

Actinomycosis or lumpy jaw produces immovable hard swellings on the upper and lower jawbones of cattle, commonly at the central molar level.